In a new piece for BASIC, Non-Resident Senior Fellow Professor Nicholas J. Wheeler and Syed Ali Zia Jaffery, Deputy Director of the Center for Security, Strategy and Policy Research at the University of Lahore, warn that today’s nuclear rivals may be losing sight of the fact that preventing nuclear catastrophe hinges on cooperation rather than brinkmanship. India and Pakistan both claim success in their May 2025 crisis, risking a higher baseline of escalation, while Russia and NATO may be misjudging their ability to control escalation.