The crisis in the liberal international order following the Russian war against Ukraine and the second Trump administration, alongside the ongoing transformation of the rules-based order, have placed unprecedented demands on European governments to reconsider how security is done in Europe. Through a series of Track 1.5 workshops with government officials and experts in Europe, four key functions emerged as requirements of a sustainable European security architecture in systemic order transformation and the Anthropocene.
This report is the final report of BASIC’s “Rethinking European Security” project, funded by the Polden-Puckham Charitable Foundation. BASIC is grateful for their generous support. The author would like to thank all government officials and experts that participated in our Track 1.5 workshops and Final Conference, whose contributions made the project and this report possible.
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